Difference between revisions of "Brukdjin:Dzsijo"

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yaa aljin! un jiyo, ein lerajin, leradanun viossa per akotê 3 muai ima. endên apar ñojin, mena un imawen leradan mangemange ting tsui viossa.
<noinclude>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Jiyo}}</noinclude>


vintuadag (sintudag men f viossa) f un 27d vapamuai 2022t (zamisalijin). hanukin anglossa, jongossa, au apar mêlayossa.
Ya aldok! Un '''Jiyo'''zsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.


gustun mach machossa, spil hammasbasu, kaku kompyudwaibma auau.
Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena [[leksember 2022|Leksember 2022t]] inemade, a ainlatena [[Davi hanu!|''Davi hanu!'']] 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu [https://duostories.org/vios-vios Duovimi] awen grun un tte, a husketsa [[Leksember 2023]]!


==zantumam==
==Zan au kaku==
yamm unna zantumam f un.
 
Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.
 
===Zantropos ===
 
==== Mitzan ====
Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
!Lepa
!Alvyol
!Palyatsi
!Ngangi
!Gorla
|-
!Hana
|m
|n
|ɲ
| ŋ
|
|-
!Bamba
|p&nbsp;&nbsp;b
|t&nbsp;&nbsp;d
|
|k
|
|-
!Bamfendo
|
|t͡s
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|-
!Fendo
| f&nbsp;&nbsp;v
|s&nbsp;&nbsp;z
|ɕ&nbsp;&nbsp;ʑ
|ɣ
|h
|-
!Slak
|
| ɾ
|
|
|
|-
!Sebyazannen
|
|l
| j
|w
|
|}
 
* /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
*/d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
*/h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
*/ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.
 
====Sebyazan====
Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
! fura
!mellan
!hina
|-
!oba
|i
|
|ɯ
|-
!mellan
|e
|ɘ
|o
|-
!unna
|
| a
|
|}
 
* /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
* /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
* /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.
 
===Kakutropos===
Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+midzan tumam<ref>nai yamm nirazmidzan, mena deki kaku iñe kakutro.</ref>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |midzan!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
! colspan="2" |alviol!! colspan="2" |alviolkruxa
! colspan="2" |alvyol!! colspan="2" |palyatsi
! colspan="2" |hinakruxa
! colspan="2" |ngangi
!gorla
!gorla
|-
|-
!fal→
! koi→
!utenkoi
! uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |hana
! colspan="2" |hana
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|m||
|m||
|n
|n
| ||ɲ
| ||ny
|
|
|ŋ
|ng
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |bamba
! colspan="2" |bamba
|p||b||t||d
| p||b||t||d
|
| ||k||
|
|
| ||k||ɡ
|(ʔ)<ref>mono yamm iñe festako, ttb: f un [fɨ̯ʔɯn]</ref>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |bambadefendo
! colspan="2" |bamfendo
| style="background: silver;" |
| |
| style="background: silver;" | ||t͡s||d͡z
| |||ts ||
|t͡ɕ
|tsz
|d͡ʑ
|
| style="background: silver;" |
| |
| style="background: silver;" |
| |
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | fendo
! colspan="2" |fendo
|f||v||s||z
| f||v||s||z
|ɕ
| sz
|(ʑ)<ref>mono yamm iñe [d͡ʑ], li nai altid kawari na [ɕ]</ref>||x||
|zs|| ||g
|h
|h
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |r-lik zan
! colspan="2" |sebyazannen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|ɾ
| l
|
|
|y
|
|
|w
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |slak
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |sebiazannen
|
|
|w
|r
|
|
|l
|
|
|j
|
|
|
|
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|}
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
====Sebyazan====
|+ sebiazan tumam<ref>nai yamm kataisebiazan koske hanuyena, mena alkirain deki kakuyena niraz.</ref>
Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—''i u e o a'' per lestesnano go, au ''ø'' per "mellanlik" eksis.
|-
! rowspan="2" |sebiazan
!plas→!! colspan="2" |fura!!mellan
!hina
|-
!fal→!!naikraislik !!kraislik!!naikraislik!!kraislik
|-
! colspan="2" |oba
|i
|y||
|ɯ~u
|-
! colspan="2" |mellan
| ɛ~e|| (ø)<ref>nai yamm iñe ko, men deki hanuyena koske [y] bli plusunnalik.</ref>|||ə||ɔ~o
|-
! colspan="2" |unna
| colspan="4" |a~ɑ
|}
 
==kakutro==
unna yamm kakutro f un. yamm mange tro f kaku sama zan.
 
===alfakrun===
yamm ni fal f alfakrun --- gammel au ño. ting iñe '''midori''' es kawari.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+alfakrun (ñotro)
!a
!b
!c
!d
!e
!style="background:LightGreen" |ê
!f
!g
!h
!i
!j
!k
!l
!m
!n
!style="background:LightGreen" |ñ
!o
!(ö)
!p
!style="background:LightGreen" |q
!r
!s
!t
!u
!style="background:LightGreen" |ü
!v
!w
!style="background:LightGreen" |x
!y
!z
|-
|a~ɑ
|b
|style="background:LightGreen" |k
|d
|style="background:LightGreen" |ɛ~e~ə
|ə
|ɸ~f
| g
|h
|i~j
|style="background:LightGreen" |d͡ʑ~d͡ʒ
|k
|l
|m
|n
|ɲ
|ɔ~o
|(œ~ø)
|p
|t͡ɕ~t͡ʃ
|ɾ~r
|s
|t
|ɯ~u~w
|y
|v
|w
|ɕ~ʃ
|style="background:LightGreen" |j
|z
|}


{| class="wikitable"
Na andra,
|+alfakrun (''gammëltro'')
!a
!b
!c
!d
!e
!ë
!f
!g
!h
!i
!j
!k
!l
! m
!n
!o
!(ö)
!p
!r
!s
!t
!u
!v
!w
!y
!z
|-
|a~ɑ
|b
|t͡s
|d
|ɛ~e
|ə
|ɸ~f
|g
|h
|i~j
|j
|k
|l
|m
|n
|ɔ~o
|(œ~ø)
|p
|ɾ~r
|s
|t
|ɯ~u~w
|v
|w
|y
|z
|}


awen yamm nirazkirain au treirazkirain. ting iñe '''rü''' nai brukena iñe ñotro, '''midori''' mono brukena iñe ñotro, '''kiero''' yokutid brukena iñe ñotro.
* Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ''ã'').
{| class="wikitable"
|+mangerazkirain
!ch
! style="background:LightCoral" |cs
!dz
! style="background:PaleGoldenrod" |dzs
!ng
! style="background:LightCoral" |nj
! style="background:PaleGoldenrod" |sz
! style="background:LightGreen" |ts
! style="background:PaleGoldenrod" |(zs)
|-
|x
|t͡ɕ~t͡ʃ
|d͡z
|d͡ʑ~d͡ʒ
|ŋ
|ɲ
|ɕ~ʃ
|t͡s
|(ʑ~ʒ)
|}


===anderruul===
*Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
yokutid awen yamm mit akyut kirain (á, é, í, ó, ú, ő, ű) f jongsilba (ttb: akkurát, ocháre) mena afto mangetid mono koske opeta.


==hanutro==
*Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. ''tsúite'', ''prokibtíbsem''.
mangetid ('''nai altid''') brukun festako os tsunagako, danki na [https://vikoli.org/Brukdjin:Lumakot_Luna/lk#Glossaruul glossaruul f lunamik]. f suruko charun afto.
{| class="wikitable"
|+f suruko
!suruko
!vil/treng<ref>li "vil", "bli", "treng" iñe fras sebia suruko, afto ruul duaibmatrengnai.</ref>
!tid
!deki
!tsa/da/ti
!ak/nai
!spür
!surujin
|-
| rowspan="4" |(ko)
| -vil
| -dan
| rowspan="4" | -ki
| rowspan="4" | -tsa
| rowspan="4" | -nai
| rowspan="4" | -we
| -(u)n, -v(i)
|-
| -bli
| -ima
| -d(u), -(do)k
|-
| -treng
| -mir
| -s(or), -h(e)i
|-
| -(y)ena
| -(i)ma(we)n, -en(d)ê
|''li suruko char -(y)ena festako, nasi "na" na haji surujin.''
|}
'''ttb:'''


*un nai xiru dan. = ''xirudannain.''
====Tsui /g/====
*dok vil mir nam we? = ''vilok nammirwe?''
*un nai deki hanu dan afto. = ''hanudankinain afto.''
f '''tingko''' es na unna.
{| class="wikitable"
|+f tingko
! colspan="2" |plas + char/jamm
! colspan="2" |aftoko + ak/nai<ref>mangetid mono plas + char/jamm '''os''' aftoko + nai/ak festako, kinai rioch</ref>
!lasku
!licko
!tingko
!charjin<ref>gruun charjin awen tingko, afto tel ruul duaibmaki f tuo.</ref>
!(plas)<ref>plas f tingko deki seyena iñe qigauqigau plas.</ref>
|-
|her
| rowspan="2" |cha(r)-
|∅
| rowspan="2" |∅
|ma(nge)-
| rowspan="4" |(yokulicko)-
| rowspan="4" |(ko)
| rowspan="4" |(fu + yokucharjin)
|her
|-
|der
|afto
|apa(r)-
|der
|-
|hapigo
| rowspan="2" |yam(m)-
|tuo
| rowspan="2" |nai-
|nil-
|hapigo
|-
|(andêrplas)
|aso(ko)
|(andêr lasku)
|(andêrplas)
|}
'''ttb:'''


* her yamm kompyu f sor ka deki nai duaibma. = ''her yamkompyufs ka duaibmakinai.'' (os prosta: her yamm kompyu f syo ka duaibma kinai.)<hr />
*Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. ''*magazan'' > ''mázan'', ''*dag'' > ''dá''.
*Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, ''y'' kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai ''g'' ende, ttb. ''*yugent'' > ''yugent'', men ''*yagi'' > ''yayi''.
*Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena ''g'' na altid, ttb. ''grun'', ''gormoi''.
<references />
<references />

Latest revision as of 02:07, 3 f’Śägmuai 2024


Ya aldok! Un Jiyozsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.

Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena Leksember 2022t inemade, a ainlatena Davi hanu! 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu Duovimi awen grun un tte, a husketsa Leksember 2023!

Zan au kaku

Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.

Zantropos

Mitzan

Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.

Lepa Alvyol Palyatsi Ngangi Gorla
Hana m n ɲ ŋ
Bamba p  b t  d k
Bamfendo t͡s t͡ɕ
Fendo f  v s  z ɕ  ʑ ɣ h
Slak ɾ
Sebyazannen l j w
  • /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
  • /d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
  • /h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
  • /ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.

Sebyazan

Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.

fura mellan hina
oba i ɯ
mellan e ɘ o
unna a
  • /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
  • /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
  • /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.

Kakutropos

Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.

tropos↓ plas→ lepa alvyol palyatsi ngangi gorla
koi→ uten mit uten mit uten mit uten mit uten
hana m n ny ng
bamba p b t d k
bamfendo ts tsz
fendo f v s z sz zs g h
sebyazannen l y w
slak r

Sebyazan

Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—i u e o a per lestesnano go, au ø per "mellanlik" eksis.

Na andra,

  • Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ã).
  • Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
  • Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. tsúite, prokibtíbsem.

Tsui /g/

  • Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. *magazan > mázan, *dag > dá.
  • Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, y kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai g ende, ttb. *yugent > yugent, men *yagi > yayi.
  • Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena g na altid, ttb. grun, gormoi.
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