Difference between revisions of "Brukdjin:Dzsijo"

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yaa aljin! un jiyo, ein lerajin, leradanun viossa per akote 3 muai ima. enden apar ñojin, mena un imawen leradan mangemange ting tsui viossa.
<noinclude>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Jiyo}}</noinclude>


vintuadag (sintudag men f viossa) f un 27d vapamuai 2022t (zamisalijin). hanukin anglossa, jongossa, au apar melayossa.
Ya aldok! Un '''Jiyo'''zsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.


gustun mah mahossa, spil hammasbasu, kaku kompyudwaibma auau.
Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena [[leksember 2022|Leksember 2022t]] inemade, a ainlatena [[Davi hanu!|''Davi hanu!'']] 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu [https://duostories.org/vios-vios Duovimi] awen grun un tte, a husketsa [[Leksember 2023]]!


==zantumam==
==Zan au kaku==
yamm unna zantumam f un.
 
Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.
 
===Zantropos ===
 
==== Mitzan ====
Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
!Lepa
!Alvyol
!Palyatsi
!Ngangi
!Gorla
|-
!Hana
|m
|n
|ɲ
| ŋ
|
|-
!Bamba
|p&nbsp;&nbsp;b
|t&nbsp;&nbsp;d
|
|k
|
|-
!Bamfendo
|
|t͡s
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|-
!Fendo
| f&nbsp;&nbsp;v
|s&nbsp;&nbsp;z
|ɕ&nbsp;&nbsp;ʑ
|ɣ
|h
|-
!Slak
|
| ɾ
|
|
|
|-
!Sebyazannen
|
|l
| j
|w
|
|}
 
* /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
*/d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
*/h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
*/ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.
 
====Sebyazan====
Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
! fura
!mellan
!hina
|-
!oba
|i
|
|ɯ
|-
!mellan
|e
|ɘ
|o
|-
!unna
|
| a
|
|}
 
* /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
* /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
* /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.
 
===Kakutropos===
Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+midzan tumam
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |midzan!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
! colspan="2" |alvyol!! colspan="2" |alvyolkruxa
! colspan="2" |alvyol!! colspan="2" |palyatsi
! colspan="2" |hinakruxa
! colspan="2" |ngangi
!gorla
!gorla
|-
|-
!fal→
! koi→
!utenkoi
! uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |hana
! colspan="2" |hana
Line 30: Line 123:
|m||
|m||
|n
|n
| ||ɲ
| ||ny
|
|
|ŋ
|ng
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |bamba
! colspan="2" |bamba
|p||b||t||d
| p||b||t||d
|
| ||k||
|
|
| ||k||ɡ
|(ʔ)
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |bambadefendo
! colspan="2" |bamfendo
||
| |
|| ||t͡s||d͡z
| |||ts ||
| t͡ɕ
|tsz
|d͡ʑ
|
||
| |
||
| |
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |fendo
! colspan="2" |fendo
|f||v||s||z
| f||v||s||z
|ɕ
| sz
|(ʑ)<ref>mono yamm iñe [d͡ʑ], li nai altid kawari na [ɕ]</ref>||(x)<ref name=":1">/x/ mono yamm iñe mangerazmidzan.</ref>||
|zs|| ||g
|h
|h
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |r-lik zan
! colspan="2" |sebyazannen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|ɾ
| l
|
|
|y
|
|
|w
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |slak
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |sebiazannen
|
|
|w
|r
|
|
|l
|
|
| j
|
|
|
|
Line 79: Line 172:
|}
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
====Sebyazan====
|+sebiazan tumam
Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—''i u e o a'' per lestesnano go, au ''ø'' per "mellanlik" eksis.
|-
! rowspan="2" |sebiazan
!plas→!! colspan="2" |fura!!mellan
!hina
|-
!fal→!!naikraislik!!kraislik!!naikraislik!!kraislik
|-
! colspan="2" |oba
|i
|y|| colspan="2" |ɨ~ʉ~ɯ~u
|-
! colspan="2" | mellan
|ɛ~e||ø|||(ə)<ref>mono yamm iñe naijongsilba, doko /e/ na haji.</ref>|| ɔ~o
|-
! colspan="2" |unna
| colspan="4" |a~ɑ
|}
 
===zanruul===
 
*nai yamm kataisebiazan.
*/n/, /t/, /d/ kibli hammaslik ([n̪], [t̪], [d̪]) de au za /ɾ/.
*/p/, /t/, /k/ kibli [p̚], [t̚], [k̚] na owari silba; /b/, /d/, /g/ kibli [p], [t], [k] na owari silba.
*yamki [ʔ] na mellan ni sebiazan iñe qigau silba. (ttb: fu un [fɨʔun])
*/ɾ/ kibli [r] za midzan.
*/h/ kibli [x~χ] za unnalik sebiazan, [ç] za obalik sebiazan.
* /j/ kibli [ʝ] de /i/ os /y/.
*iñe nirazbamba, 1s bamba bli [ʔ] os eksoyenanai, ttb [p̚]. (ttb: likko [li̠ʔko])


== kakutro==
Na andra,
unna yamm kakutro f un. yamm mange tro f kaku sama zan.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+alfakrun
!a
!b
! c
!d
! e
!f
!g
!h
!i
!j
!k
!l
!m
!n
! ñ
! o
!ö / ø
!p
!q
!r
!s
!t
!u
!ü
! v
!w
!x
!y
!z
|-
| a
|b
|k~t͡s<ref>/t͡s/ mono yamm de os za furaliksebiazan.</ref>
|d
|ɛ~e~ə
|f
|ɡ
|h~x
|i~j
|d͡ʑ~d͡ʒ
|k
|l
|m
|n
|ɲ
|ɔ~o
|œ~ø
|p
|t͡ɕ~t͡ʃ
|ɾ~r
| s
| t
| ɯ~u~w
|y
|v
|w
|ɕ~ʃ
|j
|z
|}


awen yamm mangrazkirain.
* Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ''ã'').
{| class="wikitable"
|+mangrazkirain
! dz
!ng
!sz
!ts
|-
|d͡z
|ŋ
|ɕ~ʃ
|t͡s
|}


===anderruul===
*Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
yokutid awen yamm mit akyut kirain (á, é, í, ó, ú, ű, ő) f jongsilba (ttb: ákkurat, ocháre) mena afto mangetid mono koske opeta.


===кирилкаку===
*Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. ''tsúite'', ''prokibtíbsem''.
аԝен јамм кириликаку. туо наи брукена. (грун харнаи таста)
{| class="wikitable"
|+алфакрун
!а
!б
!ц
!д
!ѕ
!е
!ф
!г
!х
!и
!џ/ђ
!к
!л
!м
!н
!њ
!ҥ/нг
!o
!ө
!п
!ч
!р
!с
!т
!у/ұ
!ү
!в
!ԝ
!ш
!ј
!з
|-
|a
|b
|t͡s
|d
|d͡z
|ɛ~e~ə
|f
|g
|h~x
|i
|d͡ʑ~d͡ʒ
|k
|l
|m
|n
|ɲ
|ŋ
|ɔ~o
|œ~ø
|p
|t͡ɕ~t͡ʃ
|ɾ~r
|s
|t
|ɯ~u
|y
|v
|w
|ɕ~ʃ
|j
|z
|}


==hanutro==
====Tsui /g/====
mangetid ('''nai altid''') brukun festako os tsunagako, danki na [https://vikoli.org/Brukdjin:Lumakot_Luna/lk#Glossaruul glossaruul f lunamik]. f suruko charun afto.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ f suruko
!da
!suruko
!yena
!vil/treng<ref>li "vil", "bli", "treng" iñe fras sebia suruko, afto ruul duaibmatrengnai.</ref>
!tid
!deki
!ak/nai
!spür
!surujin
!mono/awen
|-
| rowspan="3" |da-
| rowspan="3" |(ko)
| rowspan="3" | -(y)ena-
| -vil-
| -dan-, -ha(ji)-<ref name=":0">owari au haji wenkibli suruko. li afto, -dan, -ima au -mir bli za owari au haji.</ref>
| -ki-
| rowspan="3" | -nai-
| rowspan="3" | -we-
| -(u)n-, -v(i)-
| rowspan="3" | -mon(o)-, -(a)wen-
|-
| -bli-
| -ima-, -imau(en)-, -en(d)e-
| -tsa-
| -d(u)-, -(do)k-
|-
| -treng-
| -mir-, -(owa)ri-<ref name=":0" />
| -ti-
| -s(or)-, -h(e)i-
|}
'''ttb:'''


*un nai xiru dan. = ''xirudannain.''
*Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. ''*magazan'' > ''mázan'', ''*dag'' > ''dá''.
*dok vil mir nam we? =  ''vilk nammirwe?''
*Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, ''y'' kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai ''g'' ende, ttb. ''*yugent'' > ''yugent'', men ''*yagi'' > ''yayi''.
*un nai deki hanu dan afto. = ''hanudankinain afto.''
*Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena ''g'' na altid, ttb. ''grun'', ''gormoi''.
*deki nai we vi spil? = ''spilkinaiwev?''
<references />
<references />

Revision as of 02:07, 3 f’Śägmuai 2024


Ya aldok! Un Jiyozsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.

Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena Leksember 2022t inemade, a ainlatena Davi hanu! 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu Duovimi awen grun un tte, a husketsa Leksember 2023!

Zan au kaku

Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.

Zantropos

Mitzan

Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.

Lepa Alvyol Palyatsi Ngangi Gorla
Hana m n ɲ ŋ
Bamba p  b t  d k
Bamfendo t͡s t͡ɕ
Fendo f  v s  z ɕ  ʑ ɣ h
Slak ɾ
Sebyazannen l j w
  • /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
  • /d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
  • /h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
  • /ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.

Sebyazan

Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.

fura mellan hina
oba i ɯ
mellan e ɘ o
unna a
  • /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
  • /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
  • /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.

Kakutropos

Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.

tropos↓ plas→ lepa alvyol palyatsi ngangi gorla
koi→ uten mit uten mit uten mit uten mit uten
hana m n ny ng
bamba p b t d k
bamfendo ts tsz
fendo f v s z sz zs g h
sebyazannen l y w
slak r

Sebyazan

Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—i u e o a per lestesnano go, au ø per "mellanlik" eksis.

Na andra,

  • Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ã).
  • Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
  • Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. tsúite, prokibtíbsem.

Tsui /g/

  • Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. *magazan > mázan, *dag > dá.
  • Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, y kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai g ende, ttb. *yugent > yugent, men *yagi > yayi.
  • Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena g na altid, ttb. grun, gormoi.
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