Difference between revisions of "Brukdjin:Dzsijo"

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yaa aljin! un jiyo / kiki / geo(metric) / 葉, ein lerajin, leradanun viossa per akote 4 muai ima. enden apar nyojin, mena un imawen leradan mangemange ting tsui viossa.
<noinclude>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Jiyo}}</noinclude>


vintuadag (sintudag men f viossa) f un 27d vapamuai 2022t (zamisalijin). hanukin anglossa, jongossa, au apar melayossa.
Ya aldok! Un '''Jiyo'''zsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.


gustun mah mahossa, spil hammasbasu, kaku kompyudwaibma auau.
Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena [[leksember 2022|Leksember 2022t]] inemade, a ainlatena [[Davi hanu!|''Davi hanu!'']] 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu [https://duostories.org/vios-vios Duovimi] awen grun un tte, a husketsa [[Leksember 2023]]!


==zantumam==
==Zan au kaku==
yamm unna zantumam f un.


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.
|+midzan tumam
 
===Zantropos ===
 
==== Mitzan ====
Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
!Lepa
!Alvyol
!Palyatsi
!Ngangi
!Gorla
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
!Hana
! colspan="2" |alviol!! colspan="2" |alviolkrüxa
|m
! colspan="2" |hinakrüxa
!gorla
|-
!fal→
!utenkoi
!mitkoi
!utenkoi
!mitkoi
!utenkoi
!mitkoi
!utenkoi
!mitkoi
!utenkoi
|-
! colspan="2" |hana
|
|m||
|n
|n
| ||ɲ
|ɲ
|
| ŋ
|ŋ
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |bamba
!Bamba
|p||b||t||d
|p&nbsp;&nbsp;b
|t&nbsp;&nbsp;d
|
|
| ||k||ɡ
|k
|(ʔ)
|-
! colspan="2" |bambadefendo
||
|| ||t͡s||d͡z
|t͡ɕ
|d͡ʑ
||
||
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |r-lik zan
!Bamfendo
|
|
|
|ɾ
|
|
|
|
|t͡s
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |fendo
!Fendo
||f
| f&nbsp;&nbsp;v
||v||s
|s&nbsp;&nbsp;z
|z
|ɕ&nbsp;&nbsp;ʑ
|ɕ
|ɣ
|ʑ
||(x)
||
|h
|h
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | sebiazannen
!Slak
|
|
|w
| ɾ
|
|
|l
|
|
|j
|
|
|-
!Sebyazannen
|
|
|l
| j
|w
|
|
|}
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
* /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
|+sebiazan tumam
*/d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
|-
*/h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
! rowspan="2" | katai↓
*/ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.
!plas→!! colspan="2" | fura!!mellan
!hina
|-
!fal→!!naikrais!!kraislepa!!naikrais!!kraislepa
|-
! colspan="2" | oba
|i(ː)
|y(ː)|| colspan="2" | ɨ~ʉ~ɯ~u(ː)<ref>/u/ her aparlik /u/ inye nihonossa, yokutid deki mellanlik, os naikraislik, os ryoho.</ref>
|-
! colspan="2" | mellan
|ɛ(ː)~e(ː)||ø(ː)|||(ə)<ref>mono yamm iñe naijongsilba, doko /e/ na haji.</ref>||ɔ(ː)~o(ː)
|-
! colspan="2" | unna
 
| colspan="4" | a(ː)~ɑ(ː)
|}


===zanruul===
====Sebyazan====
*yamki [ʔ] na mellan ni sebiazan inye qigau silba. (ttb: fu un [fɨʔun])
Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.
*/p/, /t/, /k/ kibli [p̚], [t̚], [k̚]; /b/, /d/, /g/ kibli [p], [t], [k] na owari silba os inye 2razmidzan. (ttb: likko [li̠ʔko])
*/n/, /t/, /d/ kibli hammaslik ([n̪], [t̪], [d̪]) de au za /ɾ/.
*/h/ kibli [x~χ] za unnalik sebiazan os inye mangefestamidzan, [ç] za obalik sebiazan.
*/ɾ/ kibli [r] za midzan.
*/j/ kibli [ʝ] de /i/ os /y/.


==kakutro==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
unna yamm kakutro f un. yamm mange tro f kaku sama zan.
!
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
! fura
|+alfakrun
!mellan
!a
!hina
!b
!d
!dz
!e
!f
!g
!h
|-
|-
|a~ɑ
!oba
|b
|i
|d
|
|d͡z
|ɯ
|ɛ~e~ə
|f~ɸ
|g
|h~x
|-
|-
!i
!mellan
!j
|e
!k
|ɘ
!l
|o
!m
!n
!ng
!ny
|-
|-
|i~j
!unna
|d͡ʑ~d͡ʒ
|
|k
| a
|l
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|ɲ
|-
!o
!ø / ö
! p
!q
!r
!s
!sz / x
!t
|-
|ɔ~o
| œ~ø
|p
|t͡ɕ~t͡ʃ
|ɾ~r
|s
|ɕ~ʃ
|t
|-
!ts
 
!u
!ü
!v
!w
!y
!z
!zs
|-
|t͡s
|ɯ~u~w
|y
|v
|w
|ʝ~j / y
|z
|ʑ~ʒ
|}
|}


==== anderruul ====
* /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
*bruk mit akyut kirain f kataisebiazan.
* /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
*yokutid awen yamm mit grav kirain (à, è, ì, ò, ù) f jongsilba (ttb: ohàre), mena afto mangetid mono koske opeta.
* /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.
*bruk ''i'' au ''u'' per /j/ au /w/ inye 2sebiazankláni, os za midzan. (ttb: ''nam'''ai''''', '''''mi'''etta'')
*'''al''' 2razkirain hanuyena lik zan f hei inye alplas. (ttb: ''ma'''ng'''e, '''ng'''uo'''ng''''' ende hanuyena /ma.ŋe/, /ŋwoŋ/) li zol, bruk ''<nowiki/>'<nowiki/>'' os ''-'' per mahklár li hei hanuyena na sebia kirain.  


===кирилкаку / kirilkaku===
===Kakutropos===
аўен йамм кирилкаку. (тўо най брукена, груун харнай таста ф афто.) / awen yamm kirilkaku. (tuo nai brukena, grún harnai tasta f afto.)
Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+алфакрұн
!а
!б
!в
!г
!д
!ѕ
!е
!з
|-
|-
|a~ɑ
! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
|b
! colspan="2" |alvyol!! colspan="2" |palyatsi
|v
! colspan="2" |ngangi
|g
| d
|d͡z
|ɛ~e~ə
|z
|-
!и
!ј / й
!к
!л
!м
!н
!њ
!ҥ
|-
|i~j
|j
|k
|l
|m
|n
|ɲ
|ŋ
|-
!o
! ө
!п
!р
!с
!т
!у / ұ
!ԝ / ў
|-
|ɔ~o
|œ~ø
|p
|ɾ~r
|s
|t
|ɯ~u~w
|w
|-
!ү
!ф
!х
! ц
!ч
!џ / ђ
!ш
!ж
|-
|y
|f~ɸ
|h~x
 
|t͡s
|t͡ɕ~t͡ʃ
|d͡ʑ~d͡ʒ
|ɕ~ʃ
|ʑ~ʒ
|}
 
=== اربککو / arabkaku ===
unna yamm arabkaku f un. (gien, harnai-n tasta.)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
! rowspan="2" |midzan!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
! colspan="2" |alviol!! colspan="2" |alviolkrüxa
! colspan="2" |hinakrüxa
!gorla
!gorla
|-
|-
!fal→
! koi→
!utenkoi
! uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
!mitkoi
!mit
!utenkoi
!uten
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |hana
! colspan="2" |hana
|
|
|م||
|m||
|ن
|n
| ||ڽ
| ||ny
|
|
|ڠ
|ng
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |bamba
! colspan="2" |bamba
|پ||ب||ت||د
| p||b||t||d
|
|
| ||ک||گ
| ||k||
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |bambadefendo
! colspan="2" |bamfendo
||
| |
|| ||ط||ض
| |||ts ||
|چ
|tsz
|ج
|
||
| |
||
| |
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |r-lik zan
! colspan="2" |fendo
| f||v||s||z
| sz
|zs|| ||g
|h
|-
! colspan="2" |sebyazannen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|ر
| l
|
|
|y
|
|
|w
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |slak
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |fendo
||ف
||ۏ||س
|ز
|ش
|ژ
||
||
|ح
|-
! colspan="2" | sebiazannen
|
|
|ۋ
|r
|
|
|ل
|
|
|ي
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}
sebiazan har 2 tro f hei. eins, sebiazan nai altid kakena; nis, sebiazan altid kakena, samalik hél alfakrún.


==== sebiazan (1s tro) ====
====Sebyazan====
kirain altid na kirainkleya oba midzankirain. li nai yamm midzankirain, bruk ا (alif).
Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—''i u e o a'' per lestesnano go, au ''ø'' per "mellanlik" eksis.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | sz (1s)
!plas→!! colspan="2" | fura!!mellan
!hina
|-
!fal→!!naikrais!!kraislepa!!naikrais!!kraislepa
|-
! colspan="2" | oba
|اِ
|اِ|| colspan="2" | اُ
|-
! colspan="2" | mellan
|اِ||اُ||| ||اُ
|-
! colspan="2" | unna


| colspan="4" | اَ
Na andra,
|}
f kataisebiazan os nirazsebiazan (lik ''ai''), bruk ein kirain (ی os و) za mitkirainkleyamidzankirain.


(li nai deki tasta kirainkleya, deki awen bruk ی os و kirain.)
* Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ''ã'').


==== sebiazan (2s tro) ====
*Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
al sebiazan kakena.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | sz (2s)
!plas→!! colspan="2" | fura!!mellan
!hina
|-
!fal→!!naikrais!!kraislepa!!naikrais!!kraislepa
|-
! colspan="2" | oba
|ى
|ۉ|| colspan="2" | و
|-
! colspan="2" | mellan
|ە||ۅ||| ||ؤ
|-
! colspan="2" | unna


| colspan="4" | ا
*Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. ''tsúite'', ''prokibtíbsem''.
|}
bruk '''szaddah''' f kataisebiazan.


==== andrarúl ====
====Tsui /g/====
 
* bruk østarab laskukirain.
* '''szaddah''' f gienmidzan.
 
==hanutro==
mangetid ('''nai altid''') brukun festako os tsunagako, danki na [https://vikoli.org/Brukdjin:Lumakot_Luna/lk#Glossaruul glossaruul f lunamik]. f suruko harun afto.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+f suruko
!da
!suruko
!yena
!vil/treng<ref>li "vil", "bli", "treng" iñe fras sebia suruko, afto ruul duaibmatrengnai.</ref>
!tid
!deki
!ak/nai
!spür
!surujin
!mono/awen
|-
| rowspan="3" |da-
| rowspan="3" |(ko)
| rowspan="3" | -(y)ena-
| -vil-
| -dan-, -ha(ji)-
| -ki-
| rowspan="3" | -nai-
| rowspan="3" | -we-
| -(u)n-, -v(i)-
| rowspan="3" | -mon(o)-, -(a)wen-
|-
| -bli-
| -ima-, -imau(en)-, -en(d)e-
| -tsa-
| -d(u)-, -(do)k-
|-
| -treng-
| -mir-, -(owa)ri-
| -ti-
| -s(or)-, -h(e)i-
|}
'''ttb:'''


*un nai xiru dan. = ''xirudannain.''
*Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. ''*magazan'' > ''mázan'', ''*dag'' > ''dá''.
*dok vil mir nam we? =  ''vilk nammirwe?''
*Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, ''y'' kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai ''g'' ende, ttb. ''*yugent'' > ''yugent'', men ''*yagi'' > ''yayi''.
*un nai deki hanu dan afto. = ''hanudankinain afto.''
*Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena ''g'' na altid, ttb. ''grun'', ''gormoi''.
*deki nai we vi spil? = ''spilkinaiwev?''
<references />
<references />

Latest revision as of 02:07, 3 f’Śägmuai 2024


Ya aldok! Un Jiyozsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.

Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena Leksember 2022t inemade, a ainlatena Davi hanu! 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu Duovimi awen grun un tte, a husketsa Leksember 2023!

Zan au kaku

Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.

Zantropos

Mitzan

Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.

Lepa Alvyol Palyatsi Ngangi Gorla
Hana m n ɲ ŋ
Bamba p  b t  d k
Bamfendo t͡s t͡ɕ
Fendo f  v s  z ɕ  ʑ ɣ h
Slak ɾ
Sebyazannen l j w
  • /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
  • /d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
  • /h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
  • /ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.

Sebyazan

Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.

fura mellan hina
oba i ɯ
mellan e ɘ o
unna a
  • /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
  • /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
  • /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.

Kakutropos

Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.

tropos↓ plas→ lepa alvyol palyatsi ngangi gorla
koi→ uten mit uten mit uten mit uten mit uten
hana m n ny ng
bamba p b t d k
bamfendo ts tsz
fendo f v s z sz zs g h
sebyazannen l y w
slak r

Sebyazan

Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—i u e o a per lestesnano go, au ø per "mellanlik" eksis.

Na andra,

  • Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ã).
  • Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
  • Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. tsúite, prokibtíbsem.

Tsui /g/

  • Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. *magazan > mázan, *dag > dá.
  • Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, y kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai g ende, ttb. *yugent > yugent, men *yagi > yayi.
  • Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena g na altid, ttb. grun, gormoi.
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