Difference between revisions of "Brukdjin:Dzsijo"

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ya aljin! un jiyo, ein lerajin, leradan-n viossa per akote hantoszi ima. hotia ende-n apar nyojin, un imawen leradan mange viossavas.
<noinclude>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Jiyo}}</noinclude>


vintuadag (sintudag men f viossa) f un 27d vapamuae 2022t (zamisalijin). hanu-ki-n anglossa, jongguossa, ao apar malayossa.
Ya aldok! Un '''Jiyo'''zsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.


gust-n mah mahossa, spil hamasbasu, kaku kompyudwaebma aoao.
Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena [[leksember 2022|Leksember 2022t]] inemade, a ainlatena [[Davi hanu!|''Davi hanu!'']] 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu [https://duostories.org/vios-vios Duovimi] awen grun un tte, a husketsa [[Leksember 2023]]!


==zantumam==
==Zan au kaku==
yam unna zantumam f un.


Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.
===Zantropos ===
==== Mitzan ====
Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
!Lepa
!Alvyol
!Palyatsi
!Ngangi
!Gorla
|-
!Hana
|m
|n
|ɲ
| ŋ
|
|-
!Bamba
|p&nbsp;&nbsp;b
|t&nbsp;&nbsp;d
|
|k
|
|-
!Bamfendo
|
|t͡s
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|-
!Fendo
| f&nbsp;&nbsp;v
|s&nbsp;&nbsp;z
|ɕ&nbsp;&nbsp;ʑ
|ɣ
|h
|-
!Slak
|
| ɾ
|
|
|
|-
!Sebyazannen
|
|l
| j
|w
|
|}
* /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
*/d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
*/h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
*/ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.
====Sebyazan====
Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
! fura
!mellan
!hina
|-
!oba
|i
|
|ɯ
|-
!mellan
|e
|ɘ
|o
|-
!unna
|
| a
|
|}
* /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
* /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
* /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.
===Kakutropos===
Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+midzan
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
! colspan="2" |alvyol!! colspan="3" |palyatsi
! colspan="2" |alvyol!! colspan="2" |palyatsi  
! colspan="2" |ngangi
! colspan="2" |ngangi
!gorla
!gorla
|-
|-
!fal→
! koi→
! uten
!mit
!uten
!uten
!mit
!mit
!uten
!uten
!mit
!mit
!uten
! colspan="2" |mit
!uten
!uten
!mit
!mit
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|m||
|m||
|n
|n
| || colspan="2" |ɲ
| ||ny
|
|ng
|
|
|ŋ
|(ɴ)
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |bamba
! colspan="2" |bamba
|p||b||t||d
| p||b||t||d
|
|
| colspan="2" | ||k||ɡ
| ||k||
|(ʔ)<ref name=":0">nai hel zettai li afto zan gvir yamm inye govor. yokutid yamm koske bamba kataiyena, os na owari f silba.</ref>
|-
! colspan="2" |bamba-fendo
||
|| ||t͡s||d͡z
|t͡ɕ
| colspan="2" |d͡ʑ
||
||
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |szlag
! colspan="2" |bamfendo
|
| |
|
| |||ts ||
|
|tsz
|ɾ
|
| colspan="2" |
|
|
|
| |
| |
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |fendo  
! colspan="2" |fendo
||f
| f||v||s||z
||v||s
| sz
|z
|zs|| ||g
|ɕ
|h
| colspan="2" |ʑ
|x
|(ɣ)
|(h)
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | syazannen
! colspan="2" |sebyazannen
|
|
|w
|
|
|
|
| l
|
|
|j
|y
|(ɥ)
|
|
|(ɰ)
|w
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |flanka syazannen
! colspan="2" |slak
|
|
|
|
|
|
|l
|r
|
|
|(ʎ)
|
|
|
|
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|}
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
====Sebyazan====
|+sebiazan<ref name=":1">'''nai hel zettai''' li kataisebiazan gvir yamm.</ref>
Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—''i u e o a'' per lestesnano go, au ''ø'' per "mellanlik" eksis.
|-
! rowspan="2" | katae↓
!plas→!! colspan="2" | fura!!mellan
! colspan="2" |hina
|-
!fal→!!uten!!kraes!!uten
!uten!!kraes
|-
! colspan="2" | oba
|i
|y||
| colspan="2" |ɯ~u<ref name=":3">/u/ her aparlik /u/ inye nihonossa, yokutid deki mellanlik, os naikraislik, os ryoho.</ref>
|-
! colspan="2" | mellan
|ɛ~e||ø|||(ə)
|(ʌ~ɤ)||ɔ~o
|-
! colspan="2" | unna
 
| colspan="5" | a
|}
 
===zanruru===
*yamki [ʔ] na mellan sama sebiazan inye qigao silba. (ttb: fu un [fɨʔun])<ref name=":0" />
*/ptk/ bliki [p̚t̚k̚], /bdɡ/ bliki [ptk] na owari silba os na gyenmidzan.<ref name=":0" />
*/ɾ/ harki mange fal f zan: [ɾ], [r], [ʁ~ʀ], aoao.
 
==kakutro==
 
=== latinkaku ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+alfakrun
!a
!b
!d
!e
!f
|-
|a
|b
|d
|ɛ~e~ə
|f
|-
!g
!h
!i
!j
!k
|-
|ɡ
|h~x
|i~j
|d͡ʑ
|k
|-
!l
!m
!n
!o
!ø
|-
|l
|m
|n
|ɔ~o
|ø
|-
!p
!q
!r
!s
!t
|-
|p
|t͡ɕ
|ɾ~r
|s
|t
|-
!u
!v
!w
!y
!z
|-
|ɯ~u~w
|v
|w
|j
|z
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+plukiraenklani
!ao
!dz
!eu
!oe
|-
|aw
|d͡z
|y
|oj
|-
!ng
!ny
!sz
!ts
|-
|ŋ
|ɲ
|ɕ
|t͡s
|-
!tsz
!dzs
!ue<ref name=":2">tabun, zettainai.</ref>
!zs
|-
|t͡ɕ
|d͡ʑ
|wi~uj
|ʑ
|-
!ae<ref name=":2" />
!tz<ref name=":2" />
!
!
|-
|aj
|d͡z
|
|
|}
 
==== andraruru ====
* yókutid áwen yam mit akyút kiráen f jongsílba (tatǿba: ''oháre''), men áfto mangetíd móno kóske opéta.
* ''i'' ao ''u'' per /j/ ao /w/ inye mangrazsebiazan; ''y'' ao ''w'' per /j/ ao /w/ za midzan.
*'''al''' plukiraenklani hanuyena lik heia zan inye alplas. (ttb: ''ma'''ng'''e'' hanena /ma.ŋe/)
**li zol, bruk '''<nowiki/>'''' per'''<nowiki/>''' mahklar li hei hanena na sebia kiraen. (ttb: ''rin'go'')


===кирилкаку / kirilkaku===
Na andra,
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+алфакрун
!а
!б
!в
!г
!д
!ѕ
! е
!з
|-
|a~ɑ
| b
|v
|ɡ
|d
|d͡z
|ɛ~e~ə
|z
|-
!и
!ј / й
!к
!л
!м
!н
!њ
!ҥ
|-
|i~j
|j
|k
|l
|m
|n
|ɲ
|ŋ
|-
!o
!ө
!п


!р
* Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ''ã'').
!с
!т
!у / ұ
!ԝ / ў
|-
|ɔ~o
|œ~ø
|p
|ɾ~r
|s
|t
|ɯ~u~w
|w
|-
!ү


!ф
*Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
!х
!ц
!ч
!џ / ђ
!ш
!ж
|-
|y
|f
|h~x


|t͡s
*Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. ''tsúite'', ''prokibtíbsem''.
|t͡ɕ
|d͡ʑ
|ɕ
|ʑ
|}
</div>


===اربککو / arabkaku===
====Tsui /g/====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+الفاکرُن
!ا
!پ
!ب
!ت
!چ
!ج
!(خ)
|-
|a
|p
|b
|t
|t͡ɕ
|d͡ʑ
|(x)
|-
!څ
!ځ
!د
!ر
!ز
!ژ
!س
|-
|t͡s
|d͡z
|d
|ɾ~r
|z
|ʑ
|s
|-
!ش
!ڠ
!ف
!ک
!گ
!ل
!م
|-
|ɕ
|ŋ
|f
|k
|ɡ
|l
|m
|-
!ن
!ڽ
!ہ
!و
!ۏ
!ي
!(ء)‎
|-
|n
|ɲ
|h~x
|u~w
|v
|i~j
|(ʔ)
|}
per sebiazan, kiraen altid na kiraenkleya oba midzankiraen ― اِ per /i/, /y/ ao /e/, اُ per /u/, /ø/ ao /o/, aoen اَ per /a/. li nae yam midzankiraen, bruk ا (alif).
 
per kataesebiazan os nirazsebiazan (lik ''ae''), bruk ein kiraen (ي os و) za mitkiraenkleyamidzankiraen. (li nae deki tasta kiraenkleya, deki awen bruk ي os و kiraen.)<ref name=":1" />
 
'''vikti''': sebiazan nae altid kakuyena, ttb. ''kakutro'' ککُتر (''k-kᵘ-t-r'').
 
====andraruru====
 
*bruk-n østarab laskukiraen.
* bruk-n szaddah f gienmidzan.
</div>
 
==hanutro==
mangetid ('''nae altid''') brukun festako os tsunagako, danki na [https://vikoli.org/Brukdjin:Lumakot_Luna/lk#Glossaruul glossarúl f lunamik]. f suruko harun afto.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+suruko
! suruko
!yena
!tid
!deki
!ak/nae
! colspan="2" |surujin
!spør
|-
| rowspan="3" |(ko)
| rowspan="3" | -(y)ena-
| -dan-, -ha(ji)-
| -ki-
| rowspan="3" | -nae-
| -(u)n-
| -v(i)-
| rowspan="3" | -we-
|-
| -ima-
| -tsa-
| -d(u)-
| -(do)k-
|-
| -mir/rae-, -po-
| -ti-
| -s(ore)-
| -h-, -y- (hei)
|}


*Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. ''*magazan'' > ''mázan'', ''*dag'' > ''dá''.
*Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, ''y'' kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai ''g'' ende, ttb. ''*yugent'' > ''yugent'', men ''*yagi'' > ''yayi''.
*Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena ''g'' na altid, ttb. ''grun'', ''gormoi''.
<references />
<references />

Latest revision as of 02:07, 3 f’Śägmuai 2024


Ya aldok! Un Jiyozsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.

Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena Leksember 2022t inemade, a ainlatena Davi hanu! 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu Duovimi awen grun un tte, a husketsa Leksember 2023!

Zan au kaku

Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.

Zantropos

Mitzan

Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.

Lepa Alvyol Palyatsi Ngangi Gorla
Hana m n ɲ ŋ
Bamba p  b t  d k
Bamfendo t͡s t͡ɕ
Fendo f  v s  z ɕ  ʑ ɣ h
Slak ɾ
Sebyazannen l j w
  • /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
  • /d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
  • /h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
  • /ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.

Sebyazan

Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.

fura mellan hina
oba i ɯ
mellan e ɘ o
unna a
  • /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
  • /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
  • /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.

Kakutropos

Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.

tropos↓ plas→ lepa alvyol palyatsi ngangi gorla
koi→ uten mit uten mit uten mit uten mit uten
hana m n ny ng
bamba p b t d k
bamfendo ts tsz
fendo f v s z sz zs g h
sebyazannen l y w
slak r

Sebyazan

Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—i u e o a per lestesnano go, au ø per "mellanlik" eksis.

Na andra,

  • Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ã).
  • Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
  • Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. tsúite, prokibtíbsem.

Tsui /g/

  • Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. *magazan > mázan, *dag > dá.
  • Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, y kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai g ende, ttb. *yugent > yugent, men *yagi > yayi.
  • Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena g na altid, ttb. grun, gormoi.
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