Difference between revisions of "Brukdjin:Dzsijo"

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ya aljin! un jiyo, ao leradan vyossa per akote 6 mwae.
<noinclude>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Jiyo}}</noinclude>


una vintwadag 27d 8m 2022t (za-misaljin). hanukin angglossa, jongguossa, ao lera malayossa ima.
Ya aldok! Un '''Jiyo'''zsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.


gust maha mahossa, szpil hammasbasu, ao kaku kompyudwaebma.
Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena [[leksember 2022|Leksember 2022t]] inemade, a ainlatena [[Davi hanu!|''Davi hanu!'']] 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu [https://duostories.org/vios-vios Duovimi] awen grun un tte, a husketsa [[Leksember 2023]]!


==zantumam==
==Zan au kaku==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
 
|+mitzan
Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.
 
===Zantropos ===
 
==== Mitzan ====
Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
!Lepa
!Alvyol
!Palyatsi
!Ngangi
!Gorla
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
!Hana
! colspan="2" |alvyol<ref>hammaslik os alvyolik.</ref>!! colspan="2" |palyatsi
|m
! colspan="2" |ngangi
|n
!gorla
|ɲ
| ŋ
|
|-
|-
!fal→
!Bamba
!uten
|p&nbsp;&nbsp;b
!mit
|t&nbsp;&nbsp;d
!uten
!mit
!uten
!mit
!uten
!mit
!uten
|-
! colspan="2" |hana
|
|
|m||
|k
| n
| ||ɲ
|
|
|ŋ
|-
!Bamfendo
|
|
|-
|t͡s
! colspan="2" |bamba
|p||b||t||d
|(c)
| (ɟ)||k|| ɡ
|(ʔ)<ref name=":0">yokutid afto zan yam koske bamba kataeyena, os na owari f silba.</ref>
|-
! colspan="2" | bamfendo
||
|| ||t͡s||
|t͡ɕ
|t͡ɕ
| d͡ʑ
||
||
|
|-
! colspan="2" |qis fendo
|
|
|s
|z
| ɕ
|ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |fendo
!Fendo
||f
| f&nbsp;&nbsp;v
||v||
|s&nbsp;&nbsp;z
|
|ɕ&nbsp;&nbsp;ʑ
|(ç)
|ɣ
|
|(x)
|(ɣ)
|h
|h
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | r-lik zan
!Slak
|
|
|
|ɾ
|
|
|
| ɾ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |syazannen
!Sebyazannen
|
|(w)
|
|
|
|
|l
| j
| j
|
|w
|w
|
|-
! colspan="2" |flanka
|
|
|
|l
|
|(ʎ)
|
|
|
|
|}
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
* /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
|+sebyazan<ref name=":1">nae zettae li katae-syazan yam na gwir.</ref>
*/d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
|-
*/h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
! rowspan="2" |katae↓
*/ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.
! plas→!! colspan="2" |fura!!mellan
 
! colspan="2" |hina
====Sebyazan====
|-
Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.
!fal→!!uten!!kraes!!uten
 
!uten!!kraes
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!
! fura
!mellan
!hina
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |oba
!oba
|i
|i
|y||
|
| colspan="2" |ɯ~u<ref name=":3">/u/ yoktid lik /u/ inye nihonossa: yokutid deki mellanlik, os utenkraeslik.</ref>
|ɯ
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |mellan
!mellan
|ɛ~e || ø|||(ə)
|e
| ||o
|ɘ
|o
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |unna
!unna
 
|(æ)
|
|a
|
|
| a
|
|
|}
|}


===zanruru===
* /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
*yamhti [ʔ] na mellan f sama syazan inye qigao silba. (ttb. f un [fɯˈʔɯn])<ref name=":0" />
* /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
*mangeraz /ptk/ blihti [p̚t̚k̚], na owari f silba os inye gyenmitzan.<ref name=":0" />
* /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.
*/ɾ/ harhti mange fal, dehti r-lik zan mikava.


=== jongsilbatro ===
===Kakutropos===
 
Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.
* jongsilba-qigaozma nyam, hata '''kírkas''' (💡) ao '''kirkás''' (🍺).  
 
== kakutro ==
 
===latinkaku===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+alfakrun
!a
!b
!d
!e
!f
|-
|-
|a
! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa
|b
! colspan="2" |alvyol!! colspan="2" |palyatsi
|d
! colspan="2" |ngangi
|ɛ~e~ə
!gorla
|f
|-
|-
!g
! koi→
!h
! uten
!i
!mit
!j
!uten
!k
!mit
!uten
!mit
!uten
!mit
!uten
|-
|-
|ɡ
! colspan="2" |hana
|h~x
|
|i~j
|m||
|d͡ʑ
|k
|-
!l
!m
!n
!o
!ø
|-
|l
|m
|n
|n
|o
| ||ny
|ø
|
|ng
|
|-
|-
!p
! colspan="2" |bamba
!q
| p||b||t||d
!r
|
!s
| ||k||
!t
|
|-
|-
|p
! colspan="2" |bamfendo
|t͡ɕ
| |
|ɾ
| |||ts ||
|s
|tsz
|t
|
| |
| |
|
|-
|-
!u
! colspan="2" |fendo
!v
| f||v||s||z
!w
| sz
!y
|zs|| ||g
!z
|h
|-
|-
|ɯ~u~w
! colspan="2" |sebyazannen
|v
|
|
|
| l
|
|y
|
|w
|w
|j
|
|z
|-
|-
!(â, ê, ă)
! colspan="2" |slak
!û, ŷ
|
!
|
!
|
!
|r
|-
|
|(ə)
|y
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+plukiraenklani
!ae
!ao
! oe
!ng
|-
|aj
|aw
|oj
|ŋ
|-
!ny
!sz
!ts
!tsz
|-
|ɲ
|ɕ
|t͡s
|t͡ɕ
|-
!dzs
!ue
!zs
!
|-
|d͡ʑ
|wi~uj
|ʑ
|
|
|}
|}


====andraruru====
====Sebyazan====
*yókutid aon yam mit akyút kiráen f jongsílba (ttb. '''''rín'''<nowiki/>'go''), men mángetid móno kóske opéta.
Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—''i u e o a'' per lestesnano go, au ''ø'' per "mellanlik" eksis.
*grav brukena per mki ka syazan mus hanuyena na sebya. ''<nowiki/>''(ttb: tato'''''è'''''ba)
*''i'' ao ''u'' per /j/ ao /w/ inye syazanklani; ''y'' ao ''w'' per /j/ ao /w/ za mitzan. (ttb. ''m'''w'''ai'' os ''m'''w'''a'''e''''' dehti)
*al plukiraenklani hanuyena na heya zan na alplas. (ttb. ''ma'''ng'''e'' /ma.ŋe/)
**li zol, brukt'''<nowiki/>'''i '''<nowiki/>'''''<nowiki/>'<nowiki/>'' p'''<nowiki/>'''er mahklar li he hanena na sebya kiraen. (ttb. ''rin'''<nowiki/>'<nowiki/>'''g'''<nowiki/>'''o'')
 
===кирилкаку / kirilkaku===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+алфакрун
!а
!б
!в
!г
!д
!е
!з
!и
|-
|a~ɑ
|b
|v
|ɡ
|d
|ɛ~e~ə
|z
|i
|-
!ј, й
!к
!л
!м
!н
!њ
!ҥ
!o
|-
|j
|k
| l
|m
|n
|ɲ
|ŋ
|o
 
|-
!ө
!п
!р
 
!с
!т
!у
!ў
!ү
|-
|ø
|p
|ɾ
|s
|t
|ɯ~u
|w
|y
|-
!ф
 
!х
!ц
!ч
!џ
!ш
!ж
!(ъ)
|-
|f
|h~x
|t͡s
 
|t͡ɕ
|d͡ʑ
|ɕ
|ʑ
|(ə)
|}
</div>
 
===اربککو / arabkaku===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+الفاکرُن
!ا
!پ


!ب
Na andra,
!ت
!چ
!ج
!(خ)
|-
|a
|p
|b
|t
|t͡ɕ
|d͡ʑ
|(x)
|-
!څ
!د
!ر
!ز
!ژ
!س
!ش
|-
|t͡s
|d
|ɾ
|z
|ʑ
|s
|ɕ
|-
!ڠ
!ف
!ک
!گ
!ل
!م
!ن
|-
|ŋ
|f
|k
|ɡ
|l
|m
|n
|-
!ڽ
!ہ
!و
!ۏ
!ي
!(ء)‎
!(∅)
|-
|ɲ
|h~x
|u~w
|v
|i~j
|(ʔ)
|(ə)
|}
per syazan, kiraen altid na kiraenkleya oba mitzankiraen:
 
* اِ per /i/, /y/ ao /e/,
* اُ per /u/, /ø/ ao /o/,
* aoen اَ per /a/.


li nae yam mitzankiraen, bruk ا (alif). mena, syazan nae altid kakuyena.
* Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ''ã'').


====andraruru====
*Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.


*bruk-n østarab laskukiraen.
*Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. ''tsúite'', ''prokibtíbsem''.
*bruk-n szaddah per gyenmitzan.
</div>


====Tsui /g/====


==hanutro==
*Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. ''*magazan'' > ''mázan'', ''*dag'' > ''dá''.
yoktid brukti-n festako os tsunagako, dangki na [https://vikoli.org/Brukdjin:Lumakot_Luna/lk#Glossaruul glossaruru f lunamik]. per suruko yam afto.
*Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, ''y'' kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai ''g'' ende, ttb. ''*yugent'' > ''yugent'', men ''*yagi'' > ''yayi''.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
*Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena ''g'' na altid, ttb. ''grun'', ''gormoi''.
|+suruko
!suruko
!yena
!tid
!deki
!ak / nae
! colspan="2" |surujin
!spør
|-
| rowspan="3" |(ko)
| rowspan="3" | -(y)ena-
| -dan-, -ha(ji)-
| -(de)ki-
| rowspan="3" | -nae-
| -(u)n-
| -v(i)-
| rowspan="3" | -we-
|-
| -ima-
| -tsa-
| -d(u)-
| -(do)k-
|-
| -(mi)rae-, -po-
| -ti-, -(de)hti-
| -s(ore)-
| -h-, -y- (hei)
|}
 
== tatoèba ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+''davi hanu!'' / zahaji ao bratulla!
!latinkaku
!kirilkaku
!arabkaku
!mellantro
|-
|Bratulla ''Davi Hanu!'' made, ao haeza-n ''magicmetal'' os ''magic'', na hobit namaè.
|братулла ''Дави Хану!'' маде, ау ун хаиза маџикметал ос маџик, на хобит намае.
|برتلْ داۏي هنو مدي، او ون هازا «ماجیکميتال» وس «ماجيک»، ن هوبت نامي.
|Braatulla Davi hanu made, au un haisa magicmetal os magic, na hobit namae.
|-
|Un yevaljin, os atamapasz f afto podkast.
|Ун йевалџин, ос атамапаш в афто подкаст.
|ون يۏلجن، وس اتمپش ف فتو ڤدکست.
|Un yewaldjin, os atamapashuun per afto podkast.
|-
|Ao un noyvyossajin, blidan-n Vyossajin de ein dag, sit dandag maha-n afto podkast, grun dua-n Vyossa.
|Ау ун нойвйоссаџин, ун блидан Вйоссаџин де еин даг, сит ун дандаг маха афто подкаст, грун ун дуа Вйосса.  
|او ون نويۏيوسجين، ون بلدان ۏيوسجين دي ين دݢ، ست ون داندݢ مها فتو ڤدکست، ݢرن ون دوا ۏيوس.
|Au un neoviossadjin, un bli dan viossadjin de ein daag, so dandaag au un maha afto podkast, grun un dua viossa.
|}
<references />
<references />

Latest revision as of 02:07, 3 f’Śägmuai 2024


Ya aldok! Un Jiyozsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote ni toszi ima.

Vintuadá fu un i 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki Anglossa a Putongossa, awen lera un Malayossa na szkola imangoro. Un spil hammasbaksu, a kaku kompyudvaima. Un yugentena Leksember 2022t inemade, a ainlatena Davi hanu! 40s telraz made. Yoku tel fu Duovimi awen grun un tte, a husketsa Leksember 2023!

Zan au kaku

Afto zsang mahaklarti yokyok zantropos a kakutropos govor fu un ine.

Zantropos

Mitzan

Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine ungovor.

Lepa Alvyol Palyatsi Ngangi Gorla
Hana m n ɲ ŋ
Bamba p  b t  d k
Bamfendo t͡s t͡ɕ
Fendo f  v s  z ɕ  ʑ ɣ h
Slak ɾ
Sebyazannen l j w
  • /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani.
  • /d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imangoro.
  • /h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan.
  • /ɣ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mãe andra.

Sebyazan

Na kundur, sebyazan na govor fu un nai tak klar. Yanna go sebyazan ka altid slutsza na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka tsziyau na tsziyau plas–sore dekti kraisena os nai, obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai.

fura mellan hina
oba i ɯ
mellan e ɘ o
unna a
  • /i/ bliti [ɪ] koske nai asobena. Na nauta, /e/ au /o/ bliti [ɛ] au [ɤ] koske nai asobena.
  • /ɯ/ yamti mange likzan. Akote niltid sore [u] na gvir.
  • /a/ long hel unnaspeisu; sore deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.

Kakutropos

Kakutropos na govor fu un akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.

tropos↓ plas→ lepa alvyol palyatsi ngangi gorla
koi→ uten mit uten mit uten mit uten mit uten
hana m n ny ng
bamba p b t d k
bamfendo ts tsz
fendo f v s z sz zs g h
sebyazannen l y w
slak r

Sebyazan

Yam eksi ertsziyau sebyazan govor fu un ine. Al hei kakuyena na snano—i u e o a per lestesnano go, au ø per "mellanlik" eksis.

Na andra,

  • Hanayena sebyazan kakuyenati mit zsarperpipo (ttb. ã).
  • Tsziyazma mellan sebyazan mit hentina damellan [a.i] au sebyazanklani [ai̯] nai mkiyena kakutropos ine.
  • Li trengena (ttb. koske opetana), asobena sebyazan kakuyenaki mit akyutpipo, ttb. tsúite, prokibtíbsem.

Tsui /g/

  • Koske /g/ mellan ni sama sebyazan os na koowari, pipo antayena sebyazankirain obamade, ttb. *magazan > mázan, *dag > dá.
  • Koske /g/ mellan ni tsziyau sebyazan, y kakuyena li pobli /j/; li nai g ende, ttb. *yugent > yugent, men *yagi > yayi.
  • Na tolka os ine mitzanklani, /g/ kakuyena g na altid, ttb. grun, gormoi.
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