|
|
| (99 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| ya aljin! un jiyo, ao leradan vyossa per akote 6 mwae.
| | au{{DISPLAYTITLE:Zsiyo}}o<noinclude></noinclude> |
|
| |
|
| una vintwadag 27d 8m 2022t (za-misaljin). hanukin angglossa, jongguossa, ao lera malayossa ima.
| | Yaa aldok! Un '''Zsiyo'''zsin, a un polera Viosa per akote kyere toszi ima. Na 2025t, un dan poborte viosadiskord, men posuruk ima per benglera a bengopeta! |
|
| |
|
| gust maha mahossa, szpil hammasbasu, ao kaku kompyudwaebma.
| | Vintuadaanui ti 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki inglosa, putongosa, a apar malayosa. |
|
| |
|
| ==zantumam== | | Un yuentena [[leksember 2022|Leksember 2022t]] inemade, a ainlatena [[Davi hanu!|''Davi hanu!'']] 40s telraz made. [https://duostories.org/vios-vios Duovimi] a hazsikaku fu [[Leksember 2023]] run un awen! |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" | | |
| |+mitzan
| | Mena, lestedua '''opeta''' viosa noyazsin made. Idaunker kara, un dua apu hei anyansăng dokoa helenazma viosaine. |
| | |
| | ==Zan au kaku== |
| | |
| | Afto zsangnen mahklarti zantropos a kakutropos fu ovornui. |
| | |
| | ===Zantropos=== |
| | |
| | ====Mitzan==== |
| | Afto skala mkina mitzan ine ovornui. |
| | |
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| | ! |
| | !Lepa |
| | |
| | !Alvyol |
| | !Payatsi |
| | !Ngangi |
| | !Orla |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa | | !Hana |
| ! colspan="2" |alvyol<ref>hammaslik os alvyolik.</ref>!! colspan="2" |palyatsi
| | |m |
| ! colspan="2" |ngangi
| | |n |
| ! colspan="2" |gorlanen
| |
| |-
| |
| !fal→
| |
| !uten
| |
| !mit
| |
| !uten
| |
| !mit
| |
| !uten
| |
| !mit
| |
| !uten
| |
| !mit
| |
| !uten
| |
| !mit
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" |hana
| |
| |
| |
| |m|| | |
| | n | |
| | ||ɲ
| |
| | | | | |
| |ŋ | | |ŋ |
| | | | | |
| | |- |
| | !Bamba |
| | |p b |
| | |t d |
| | | | | |
| | |k |
| | |(ʔ) |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |bamba | | !Bamfendo |
| |p||b||t||d
| | |
| | | | | |
| | ||k|| ɡ | | |ts |
| |(ʔ)<ref name=":0">yokutid afto zan yam koske bamba kataeyena, os na owari f silba.</ref>
| |
| | | | | |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | bamfendo
| |
| ||
| |
| || ||t͡s||
| |
| |t͡ɕ
| |
| | d͡ʑ
| |
| ||
| |
| ||
| |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |qis fendo | | !Fendo |
| | |f ʋ |
| | |s z |
| | |ɕ ʑ |
| | | | | |
| | |h (ɦ) |
| | |- |
| | !Slak |
| | | | | |
| |s | | |ɾ |
| |z
| |
| | ɕ
| |
| |ʑ
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |fendo | | !Sebyazannen |
| ||f
| |
| ||v||
| |
| | | | | |
| |(ç)<ref>[ç] yamti grun /h/ na owarisilba.</ref> | | |l |
| | |j |
| | |ɰ |
| | | | | |
| | |} |
| | |
| | */t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani. Nil manipari yam melan [t͡s] au [t͡ɕ]. |
| | */ɾ/ hazsi fuayena na koowari per bli [ɰ]. |
| | */ɦ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɦ] akote andra sebyazan, [ɣ] akote mitzan, a mae andra. Soe run /g/ na dan. |
| | |
| | ====Sebyazan ==== |
| | Na kundur, sebyazan ovornui ine nai klar. Yanna oo sebyazan ka altid undaus na komsa, a ein melanlik sebyazan ka fanszuka na kutsiplas–soe dekti kraizena, a dekti obalik os melanlik na pikkatai. |
| | |
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| | ! |
| | !Fura |
| | !Melan |
| | !Hina |
| | |- |
| | !Oba |
| | |i iː |
| | | | | |
| | | | |ɯ ɯː |
| |h | | |- |
| | rowspan="2" |(ʁ̞)<ref>[ɦ] yamti grun /ɡ/ fuwaòze inye mellan f ni syazan.</ref> | | !melan |
| | |e |
| | |ɘ ɘː |
| | |o oː |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |syazannen | | !Una |
| | | | | |
| | |a aː |
| | | | | |
| | |} |
| | |
| | *Pikka sebyazan dekti hanuyena lik niraz sebyazan: na tato, /iː/ deki zanena lik /i.i/. |
| | *Huwiya fu melanlik sebyazan /ɘ/ mae tun. Na lavna, soe run /y ø/ na dan. |
| | * /ɯ/ yanti mae likzan. Akote niltid soe [u] na vir. |
| | */a/ long hel unaspesu. Soe deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani. |
| | |
| | =====Tsui /ɘ/===== |
| | Afto sebyazan mae trelo. |
| | |
| | Na dangovor, snano sebyazan /y ø/ umdaus na mae koto. Za ryohei sparayena na /ø/ made, afto sebyazan utenkraizenabli na yok melanlik sebyazan made. Na andra, afto noya sebyazan run utenasobna fu /e/ na koowari. |
| | |
| | ===Kakutropos=== |
| | Kakutropos na ovornui akote melanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her. |
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| | ! |
| | !Lepa |
| | !Alvyol |
| | !Payatsi |
| | !Ngangi |
| | !Orla |
| | |- |
| | !Hana |
| | |m |
| | |n |
| | | | | |
| | |ng |
| | | | | |
| | |- |
| | !Bamba |
| | |p b |
| | |t d |
| | | | | |
| | j | | |k |
| |
| |
| |w
| |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" | szlag | | !Bamfendo |
| | | | | |
| | |ts |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |ɾ
| |
| | | | | |
| | |- |
| | !Fendo |
| | |f v |
| | |s z |
| | |sz zs |
| | | | | |
| | |h |
| | |- |
| | !Slak |
| | | | | |
| | |r |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |flanka | | !Sebyazannen |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| |l | | |l |
| | | | |y |
| |ʎ | | |w |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" | | Kakutropos per sebyazan awen melantroposlik. |
| |+sebyazan<ref name=":1">nae zettae li katae-syazan yam na gwir.</ref>
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| | ! |
| | !Fura |
| | !Melan |
| | !Hina |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" |katae↓ | | ! Oba |
| ! plas→!! colspan="2" |fura!!mellan
| |
| ! colspan="2" |hina
| |
| |-
| |
| !fal→!!uten!!kraes!!uten
| |
| !uten!!kraes
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" |oba
| |
| |i | | |i |
| |y||
| | | |
| | colspan="2" |u<ref name=":3">/u/ mangetid hørenalik [ɯ̟ᵝ] inye nihonossa.</ref> | | |u |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |mellan | | !melan |
| |e || ø|||(ə) | | |e |
| | ||o
| | |ă |
| | |o |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |unna | | !Una |
| | |
| |(æ)
| |
| | | | | |
| |a | | |a |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ===zanruru===
| |
| *yamhti [ʔ] na mellan f sama syazan inye qigao silba. (ttb. f un [fɯˈʔɯn])<ref name=":0" />
| |
| *mangeraz /ptk/ blihti [p̚t̚k̚], na owari f silba os inye gyenmitzan.<ref name=":0" />
| |
| */ɾ/ harhti mange fal, dehti r-lik zan mikava.
| |
|
| |
| === jongsilbatro ===
| |
|
| |
| * jongsilba-qigaozma nyam, hata '''kírkas''' (💡) ao '''kirkás''' (🍺).
| |
|
| |
| == kakutro ==
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
| |
| |+alfakrun
| |
| !a
| |
| !b
| |
| !d
| |
| !e
| |
| !f
| |
| |-
| |
| |a
| |
| |b
| |
| |d
| |
| |e~ə
| |
| |f
| |
| |-
| |
| !g
| |
| !h
| |
| !i
| |
| !j
| |
| !k
| |
| |-
| |
| |ɡ
| |
| |h~x
| |
| |i~j
| |
| |d͡ʑ
| |
| |k
| |
| |-
| |
| !l
| |
| !m
| |
| !n
| |
| !o
| |
| !ø, ö
| |
| |-
| |
| |l
| |
| |m
| |
| |n
| |
| |o
| |
| |ø
| |
| |-
| |
| !p
| |
| !q
| |
| !r
| |
| !s
| |
| !t
| |
| |-
| |
| |p
| |
| |t͡ɕ
| |
| |ɾ
| |
| |s
| |
| |t
| |
| |-
| |
| !u
| |
| !û, ü
| |
| !v
| |
| !w
| |
| !y
| |
| |-
| |
| |u~w
| |
| |y
| |
| |v
| |
| |w
| |
| |j
| |
| |-
| |
| !z
| |
| !(â, ê, ă)
| |
| !(ä)
| |
| !
| |
| !
| |
| |-
| |
| |z
| |
| |(ə)
| |
| |(æ)
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
| |
| |+plukiraenklani
| |
| !ae
| |
| !ao
| |
| ! dzs
| |
| !oe
| |
| |-
| |
| |aj
| |
| |aw
| |
| |d͡ʑ
| |
| |oj
| |
| |-
| |
| !ng
| |
| !ny
| |
| !ly
| |
| !sz
| |
| |-
| |
| |ŋ
| |
| |ɲ
| |
| |ʎ
| |
| |ɕ
| |
| |-
| |
| !ts
| |
| !tsz
| |
| !ue
| |
| !zs
| |
| |-
| |
| |t͡s
| |
| |t͡ɕ
| |
| |wi~uj
| |
| |ʑ
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| === andraruru ===
| |
| *yókutid aoen yam mit akyút kiráen f jongsílba (ttb. '''''rí'''<nowiki/>'''n'''<nowiki/>'go''), men mángetid móno kóske opéta.
| |
| *grav brukena per mki ka syazan mus hanuyena na sebya. ''<nowiki/>''(ttb: tato'''''è'''''ba)
| |
| *''i'' ao ''u'' per /j/ ao /w/ inye syazanklani; ''y'' ao ''w'' per /j/ ao /w/ za mitzan. (ttb. ''m'''w'''ai'' os ''m'''w'''a'''e''''' dehti)
| |
| *al plukiraenklani hanuyena na heya zan na alplas. (ttb. ''ma'''ng'''e'' /ma.ŋe/)
| |
| **li zol, brukt'''<nowiki/>'''i '''<nowiki/>'''''<nowiki/>'<nowiki/>'' p'''<nowiki/>'''er mahklar li he hanena na sebya kiraen. (ttb. ''rin'''<nowiki/>'<nowiki/>'''g'''<nowiki/>'''o'')
| |
|
| |
| == hanutro ==
| |
|
| |
| yoktid brukti-n festako os tsunagako, dangki na [https://vikoli.org/Brukdjin:Lumakot_Luna/lk#Glossaruul glossaruru f lunamik]. unna yam tumam per al kotonen ka brukenati na un.
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |+kotobanen
| |
| !kotonen
| |
| !imi
| |
| !tatøba
| |
| !tatøba (plu mellan)
| |
| |-
| |
| |an-
| |
| |sama "made", aoen sama "per" os "grun".
| |
| |ananta-n du gavat.
| |
| |un anta gavat du made.
| |
| |-
| |
| |ar-
| |
| |sama "kara".
| |
| |arsada-n rin'go du.
| |
| |un sada rin'go du kara.
| |
| |-
| |
| |al-
| |
| |sama "al".
| |
| |byurkivas na alplas imatid, dehtinae reforma.
| |
| | -
| |
| |-
| |
| |ba-
| |
| |suru mit "vil warue" myepye.
| |
| |oy! da nae basada spilvas f to lapsi!
| |
| |oy! da nae ikka spilvas f to lapsi!
| |
| |-
| |
| |beN-
| |
| |owaridan, men gyenhaji ima.
| |
| |grun ima qutitid, un deki benglera vyossa.
| |
| |grun ima qutitid, un deki gyenlera vyossa ima.
| |
| |-
| |
| |er-
| |
| |mange tak, lesteting, suru szinu made.
| |
| |tak stakkar ne! un vil erbenga...
| |
| |(yokting) tak stakkar! un vil benga tak.
| |
| |-
| |
| |faN-
| |
| |kuqipako. tak os mangemange.
| |
| |to kot fankawaì ne!
| |
| |to kot tak kawaì!
| |
| |-
| |
| |gyen-
| |
| |suru per andra raz.
| |
| |hanu ka da nae ogoè her, men to lapsi gyenogoè!
| |
| |un hanu ka lakinae ogoè her, men to lapsi ogoè gyen!
| |
| |-
| |
| |ha-
| |
| |sama "haji".
| |
| |haèrgo-n imadag.
| |
| |un haji ergo imadag.
| |
| |-
| |
| |maN-
| |
| |sama "mange".
| |
| |lera vyossa mangaste per yokjin.
| |
| |lera vyossa mange haste per yokjin.
| |
| |-
| |
| |po-
| |
| |owari / ende suru yokting.
| |
| |poanhanudan-n afto to lapsi.
| |
| |un ende hanudan afto to lapsi made.
| |
| |-
| |
| |raz-
| |
| |suru yokting mangeraz.
| |
| |afto warting razsluqadan ende, dehti dok fikswe?
| |
| |afto warue ting ende sluqadan per mangeraz, dekiti dok fikswe?
| |
| |-
| |
| |war-
| |
| |sama "warue", qigao na "ba-".
| |
| |oy! du warhanudan we, hanu ka du surudannae to?
| |
| |oy! du dan hanuwe ting ka nae prav, hanu ka du nae surudan to?
| |
| |-
| |
| | -anzsa
| |
| |seyena / hørena na tak.
| |
| |sore byurkianzsa, mye.
| |
| |un myetta ka sore seyena byurki.
| |
| |-
| |
| | -ena
| |
| |dlabdelvas per fras.
| |
| |rin'go namena, dare surudan?!
| |
| |yokjin namdan rin'go, dare?!
| |
| |-
| |
| | -d, -t<ref name=":2">paszkotonen deki aoen yam na haji f koto: ''d-lezeki'', ''w-ikkenahtella'', ''s-vupsidan.''</ref>
| |
| |sama "du".
| |
| |lerakit?
| |
| |du deki lera?
| |
| |-
| |
| | -dae
| |
| |sama "stur", os mangetak, mangejong.
| |
| |du yingdan, bradaene!
| |
| |mangebra ka du yingdan!
| |
| |-
| |
| | -dan
| |
| |sama "dan".
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |-
| |
| | -h, -y<ref name=":2" />
| |
| |sama "he".
| |
| |furidany.
| |
| |he furidan.
| |
| |-
| |
| | -htella
| |
| |surudan mange bistra, os mit mange kalapazma.
| |
| |blin, geltkabang ikkenahtella.
| |
| |oy blin, geltkabang f un mange bistra ikka, szirunae doko os dare surudan.
| |
| |-
| |
| | -ima
| |
| |sama "ima".
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |-
| |
| | -jin
| |
| |sama "perszun ka na tak" os "perszun ka suru tak".
| |
| |ergojin, szkolajin.
| |
| | -
| |
| |-
| |
| | -k<ref name=":2" />
| |
| |sama "dok".
| |
| |surudankwe?
| |
| |dok surudan (yokting) we?
| |
| |-
| |
| | -ki
| |
| |sama "deki".
| |
| |un leraki afto, mangyimper ne!
| |
| |un deki lera afto, afto mange simper!
| |
| |-
| |
| | -lan
| |
| |kundur "tsa". imi "un vil ka yokting sluqatinae".
| |
| |byurkilan!
| |
| |bite da nae bli byurki!
| |
| |-
| |
| | -lant
| |
| |sama "lant ka na tak" os "lant ka har perszun na tak".
| |
| |bakalant, vilant.
| |
| | -
| |
| |-
| |
| | -n<ref name=":2" />
| |
| |sama "un".
| |
| |szkeksotin.
| |
| |un ti szkoe ekso.
| |
| |-
| |
| | -nen
| |
| |sama "qisae", os mangawaì.
| |
| |da se to hûnnen, tak kawaì!
| |
| | -
| |
| |-
| |
| | -oze
| |
| |imi "maha suru" os "bli na tak".
| |
| |aqorozes lapsi.
| |
| |sore maha lapsi aqor.
| |
| |-
| |
| | -rae
| |
| |sama "mirae".
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |-
| |
| | rowspan="2" | -s
| |
| |imi "plas inye paryad".
| |
| |1s perszun ''jiyo''.
| |
| |''jiyo'' perszun ka #1 inye paryad per suru yokting.
| |
| |-
| |
| |sama "sore".<ref name=":2" />
| |
| |surudans.
| |
| |sore surudan.
| |
| |-
| |
| | -ti
| |
| |imi "yokting glaobi sluqa".
| |
| |sore tullati her, li sziru-s doko szkoemus.
| |
| |sore glaobi tullati her, li sore sziru doko mus szkoe.
| |
| |-
| |
| | -tro
| |
| |sama "tropos".
| |
| |szirutro, kakutro, hanutro.
| |
| | -
| |
| |-
| |
| | -tsa
| |
| |sama "un vil ka du har yokting".
| |
| |branahttsa!
| |
| |un vil ka du har bra naht!
| |
| |-
| |
| | -v, -f<ref name=":2" />
| |
| |sama "vi".
| |
| |yingkiv!
| |
| |vi deki ying!
| |
| |-
| |
| | -ya
| |
| |sama "f".
| |
| |jiyoya kompyu dwaebmanae.
| |
| |kompyu f jiyo nae dwaebma.
| |
| |-
| |
| | -zma
| |
| |mah suruko "myepyelik" os "hyernelik" made.
| |
| |udaqizma yamtsa na du!
| |
| |un vil ka du udaqi!
| |
| |-
| |
| | -zol
| |
| |sama "zol".
| |
| |ergozols.
| |
| |sore zol ergo.
| |
| |-
| |
| |i-...-i
| |
| |ting helkraesena.
| |
| |furidany gelt f he iteri.
| |
| |he furidan gelt f he inye ter, aoen gelt hel furiyena na ter.
| |
| |-
| |
| |mi-...-va
| |
| |al deki.
| |
| |ka du vil nam? mikava.
| |
| |ka du vil nam? al deki, un deki nam ka du nam.
| |
| |}
| |
| <references /> | | <references /> |
auo
Yaa aldok! Un Zsiyozsin, a un polera Viosa per akote kyere toszi ima. Na 2025t, un dan poborte viosadiskord, men posuruk ima per benglera a bengopeta!
Vintuadaanui ti 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki inglosa, putongosa, a apar malayosa.
Un yuentena Leksember 2022t inemade, a ainlatena Davi hanu! 40s telraz made. Duovimi a hazsikaku fu Leksember 2023 run un awen!
Mena, lestedua opeta viosa noyazsin made. Idaunker kara, un dua apu hei anyansăng dokoa helenazma viosaine.
Zan au kaku
Afto zsangnen mahklarti zantropos a kakutropos fu ovornui.
Zantropos
Mitzan
Afto skala mkina mitzan ine ovornui.
|
|
Lepa
|
Alvyol
|
Payatsi
|
Ngangi
|
Orla
|
| Hana
|
m
|
n
|
|
ŋ
|
|
| Bamba
|
p b
|
t d
|
|
k
|
(ʔ)
|
| Bamfendo
|
|
ts
|
|
|
|
| Fendo
|
f ʋ
|
s z
|
ɕ ʑ
|
|
h (ɦ)
|
| Slak
|
|
ɾ
|
|
|
|
| Sebyazannen
|
|
l
|
j
|
ɰ
|
|
- /t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani. Nil manipari yam melan [t͡s] au [t͡ɕ].
- /ɾ/ hazsi fuayena na koowari per bli [ɰ].
- /ɦ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɦ] akote andra sebyazan, [ɣ] akote mitzan, a mae andra. Soe run /g/ na dan.
Sebyazan
Na kundur, sebyazan ovornui ine nai klar. Yanna oo sebyazan ka altid undaus na komsa, a ein melanlik sebyazan ka fanszuka na kutsiplas–soe dekti kraizena, a dekti obalik os melanlik na pikkatai.
|
|
Fura
|
Melan
|
Hina
|
| Oba
|
i iː
|
|
ɯ ɯː
|
| melan
|
e
|
ɘ ɘː
|
o oː
|
| Una
|
|
a aː
|
|
- Pikka sebyazan dekti hanuyena lik niraz sebyazan: na tato, /iː/ deki zanena lik /i.i/.
- Huwiya fu melanlik sebyazan /ɘ/ mae tun. Na lavna, soe run /y ø/ na dan.
- /ɯ/ yanti mae likzan. Akote niltid soe [u] na vir.
- /a/ long hel unaspesu. Soe deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani.
Tsui /ɘ/
Afto sebyazan mae trelo.
Na dangovor, snano sebyazan /y ø/ umdaus na mae koto. Za ryohei sparayena na /ø/ made, afto sebyazan utenkraizenabli na yok melanlik sebyazan made. Na andra, afto noya sebyazan run utenasobna fu /e/ na koowari.
Kakutropos
Kakutropos na ovornui akote melanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her.
|
|
Lepa
|
Alvyol
|
Payatsi
|
Ngangi
|
Orla
|
| Hana
|
m
|
n
|
|
ng
|
|
| Bamba
|
p b
|
t d
|
|
k
|
|
| Bamfendo
|
|
ts
|
|
|
|
| Fendo
|
f v
|
s z
|
sz zs
|
|
h
|
| Slak
|
|
r
|
|
|
|
| Sebyazannen
|
|
l
|
y
|
w
|
|
Kakutropos per sebyazan awen melantroposlik.
|
|
Fura
|
Melan
|
Hina
|
| Oba
|
i
|
|
u
|
| melan
|
e
|
ă
|
o
|
| Una
|
|
a
|
|