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| ya aljin! un jiyo, ein lerajin, leradan-n viossa per akote hantoszi ima. hotia ende-n apar nyojin, un imawen leradan mange viossavas.
| | <noinclude>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Zsiyo}}</noinclude> |
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| vintuadag (sintudag men f viossa) f un 27d vapamuae 2022t (zamisalijin). hanu-ki-n anglossa, jongguossa, ao apar malayossa.
| | Yá aldok! Un '''Zsiyo'''zsin, a un poleradan Viossa per akote tre toszi ima. Na 2025t, un dan poborte viossadiskord, men posuruk ima per beglera a begopeta! |
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| gust-n mah mahossa, spil hamasbasu, kaku kompyudwaebma aoao.
| | Unya vintuadá ti 27d 8m 2022t. Un hanuki anglossa, putonghwossa, a apar malayossa. |
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| ==zantumam==
| | Un yuentena [[leksember 2022|Leksember 2022t]] inemade, a ainlatena [[Davi hanu!|''Davi hanu!'']] 40s telraz made. Yoktel fu [https://duostories.org/vios-vios Duovimi] a al hazsikaku fu [[Leksember 2023]] wrun un tte! |
| yam unna zantumam f un.
| |
|
| |
|
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" | | Mena, lestedua '''opeta''' viossa noyazsin made. Ker kara, un dua apu hei anyansöng dokoa helenázma viossain. |
| |+midzan
| | |
| | ==Zan au kaku== |
| | |
| | Afto zsangnen mahaklarti zantropos a kakutropos fu unya wovor. |
| | |
| | ===Zantropos=== |
| | |
| | ====Mitzan==== |
| | Afto skalla mkina mitzan ine unya wovor. |
| | |
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| | ! |
| | !Lepa |
| | !Alvyol |
| | !Payatsi |
| | !Ngangi |
| | !Horla |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" |tropos↓!!plas→!! colspan="2" |lepa | | !Hana |
| ! colspan="2" |alviol!! colspan="2" |alviolkrysza
| | |m |
| ! colspan="2" |hinakrysza
| |
| !gorla
| |
| |-
| |
| !fal→
| |
| !utenkoi
| |
| !mitkoi
| |
| !utenkoi
| |
| !mitkoi
| |
| !utenkoi
| |
| !mitkoi
| |
| !utenkoi
| |
| !mitkoi
| |
| !utenkoi
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" |hana
| |
| |
| |
| |m|| | |
| |n | | |n |
| | ||ɲ | | |(j̃) |
| |
| | |ɰ̃ |
| |ŋ | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |bamba | | !Bamba |
| |p||b||t||d | | |p b |
| | |t d |
| | | | | |
| | ||k||ɡ
| | |k |
| |(ʔ)<ref name=":0">nai hel zettai li afto zan gvir yamm inye govor. yokutid yamm koske bamba kataiyena, os na owari f silba.</ref>
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" |bamba-fendo
| |
| ||
| |
| || ||ʦ||ʣ
| |
| |ʨ
| |
| |ʥ
| |
| ||
| |
| ||
| |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |szlag | | !Bamfendo |
| | | | | |
| | |ts |
| | |(tɕ) |
| | | | | |
| | | |
| | |- |
| | !Fendo |
| | |f ʋ |
| | |s z |
| | |ɕ ʑ |
| | |ɰ |
| | |h |
| | |- |
| | !Slak |
| | | | | |
| |ɾ | | |ɾ |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" |fendo | | !Sebyazannen |
| ||f
| |
| ||v||s
| |
| |z
| |
| |ɕ
| |
| |ʑ
| |
| | colspan="3"|x~h
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | sebiazannen
| |
| |
| |
| |w
| |
| | | | | |
| |l | | |l |
| |
| |
| |j | | |j |
| | | | |w |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" | | */j̃ ɰ̃/ ti wamel /ɲ ŋ/ kara, men imagoro hei razhanaözeki sebyazan na dayele. |
| |+sebiazan<ref name=":1">'''nai hel zettai''' li kataisebiazan gvir yamm.</ref>
| | */t͡s/ a /s/ deki zanena na [t͡ɕ] a [ɕ] koske akote furalik sebyazan os na mitzanklani. |
| | */d͡ʑ/ a /ʑ/ sparana [ʑ] made imagoro. |
| | */h/ deki zanena na [ɦ] os nil na mellan fu ni sebyazan. |
| | */ɰ/ deki zanena fanszuka: [j] akote furalik sebyazan, [ɰ] akote andra sebyazan, a mae andra. Soe wrun /g/ na dan. |
| | |
| | ====Sebyazan==== |
| | Na kundur, sebyazan unya wovor ine nai tak klar. Yanna wo sebyazan ka altid undaus na komsa, a ein mellanlik sebyazan ka fanszuka na kutsiplas–soe dekti kraizena os nai, a dekti obalik os mellanlik na pikkatai. |
| | |
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| | ! |
| | !Fura |
| | !Mellan |
| | !Hina |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" | katae↓ | | !Oba |
| !plas→!! colspan="2" | fura!!mellan
| | |i iː |
| !hina
| | | |
| | |ɯ ɯː |
| |- | | |- |
| !fal→!!naekraes!!kraeslepa!!naekraes!!kraeslepa | | !Mellan |
| | |e eː |
| | |ɘ |
| | |o oː |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" | oba | | !Una |
| |i | | | |
| |y|| colspan="2" | ɯ~u<ref>/u/ her aparlik /u/ inye nihonossa, yokutid deki mellanlik, os naikraislik, os ryoho.</ref> | | |a aː |
| |-
| | | |
| ! colspan="2" | mellan
| | |} |
| |ɛ~e||ø|||(ə)||ɔ~o
| |
| |- | |
| ! colspan="2" | unna
| |
|
| |
|
| | colspan="4" | a~ɑ
| | *Pikka sebyazan dekti hanuyena na niraz sebyazan: na tato, /iː/ deki zanena lik /i.i/. |
| |}
| | *Huwiya fu mellanlik sebyazan /ɘ/ mae tun. Na wlavna, soe wrun /y ø/ na dan. |
| | */ɯ/ yanti mae likzan. Akote niltid soe [u] na wvir. |
| | * /a/ long hel unaspésu; soe deki [ɑ] os [ɐ] na strani. |
|
| |
|
| ===zanruru=== | | =====Tsui /ɘ/===== |
| *yamki [ʔ] na mellan sama sebiazan inye qigao silba. (ttb: fu un [fɨʔun])<ref name=":0" />
| | Asoko sebyazan mae srani. |
| */ptk/ bliki [p̚t̚k̚], /bdɡ/ bliki [ptk] na owari silba os na gyenmidzan.<ref name=":0" />
| |
| */ɾ/ harki mange fal f zan: [ɾ], [r], [ʁ~ʀ], aoao.
| |
|
| |
|
| ==kakutro==
| | Na danwovor, snano sebyazan /y ø/ umdaus na mae koto. Za ryó hei viskena na /ø/ made, afto sebyazan utenkraizenabli na yok mellanlik sebyazan made. Na andra, afto noya sebyazan wrun utenkoina fu /e/ na kotówari. Ryó verszo tsiyaunen: na yottid, eins verszo ende kraisena [ɘ~ɞ] ⟨ö⟩, ale nis verszo niltid komsa [ɘ~ə] ⟨e⟩. |
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| === latinkaku === | | ===Kakutropos=== |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" | | Kakutropos na unya wovor akote mellanlik. Nilting komsa kalap yanna her. |
| |+alfakrun
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| !a | | ! |
| !b | | !Lepa |
| !d | | !Alvyol |
| !e | | !Payatsi |
| !f | | !Ngangi |
| |-
| | !Horla |
| |a
| |
| |b
| |
| |d
| |
| |ɛ~e~ə
| |
| |f
| |
| |- | | |- |
| !g | | !Hana |
| !h
| |
| !i
| |
| !j
| |
| !k
| |
| |-
| |
| |ɡ
| |
| |h~x
| |
| |i~j
| |
| |ʥ~ʤ
| |
| |k
| |
| |-
| |
| !l
| |
| !m
| |
| !n
| |
| !o
| |
| !ø
| |
| |-
| |
| |l
| |
| |m | | |m |
| |n | | |n |
| |ɔ~o | | | |
| |œ~ø | | |ng ~ g |
| | | |
| |- | | |- |
| !p | | !Bamba |
| !q
| | |p b |
| !r
| | |t d |
| !s
| | | |
| !t
| | |k |
| | | |
| |- | | |- |
| |p | | !Bamfendo |
| |ʨ~ʧ | | | |
| |ɾ~r | | |ts |
| |s | | | |
| |t | | | |
| | | |
| |- | | |- |
| !u | | !Fendo |
| !v
| | |f v |
| !w
| | |s z |
| !y
| | |sz zs |
| !z
| | |w ~ ŵ |
| | |h |
| |- | | |- |
| |ɯ~u~w
| | !Slak |
| |v
| | | |
| |w
| | |r |
| |ʝ~j / y
| | | |
| |z
| | | |
| |}
| | | |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
| |
| |+plukiraenklani
| |
| !ae
| |
| !ao
| |
| !dz
| |
| !eo
| |
| |-
| |
| |aj
| |
| |aw
| |
| |ʣ
| |
| |œ~ø
| |
| |-
| |
| !eu
| |
| !oe
| |
| !ng
| |
| !ny
| |
| |-
| |
| |y
| |
| |oj
| |
| |ŋ
| |
| |ɲ
| |
| |-
| |
| !sz | |
| !ts
| |
| !tsz
| |
| !dzs
| |
| |-
| |
| |ɕ~ʃ | |
| |ʦ | |
| |ʨ~ʧ | |
| |ʥ~ʤ | |
| |- | |
| !ue<ref name=":2">tabun, zettainai.</ref>
| |
| !ui / iu<ref name=":2" />
| |
| !zs
| |
| !
| |
| |- | | |- |
| |wi~uj
| | !Sebyazannen |
| |y
| |
| |ʑ~ʒ
| |
| | | | | |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ==== andraruru ====
| |
| * yókutid áwen yam mit akyút kiráen f jongsílba (tatǿba: ''oháre''), men áfto mangetíd móno kóske opéta.
| |
| * ''i'' ao ''u'' per /j/ ao /w/ inye mangrazsebiazan; ''y'' ao ''w'' per /j/ ao /w/ za midzan.
| |
| *'''al''' plukiraenklani hanuyena lik heia zan inye alplas. (ttb: ''ma'''ng'''e'' hanena /ma.ŋe/)
| |
| **li zol, bruk '''<nowiki/>'''' per'''<nowiki/>''' mahklar li hei hanena na sebia kiraen. (ttb: ''rin'go'')
| |
|
| |
| ===кирилкаку / kirilkaku===
| |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
| |
| |+алфакрун
| |
| !а
| |
| !б
| |
| !в
| |
| !г
| |
| !д
| |
| !ѕ
| |
| ! е
| |
| !з
| |
| |-
| |
| |a~ɑ
| |
| | b
| |
| |v
| |
| |ɡ
| |
| |d
| |
| |ʣ
| |
| |ɛ~e~ə
| |
| |z
| |
| |-
| |
| !и
| |
| !ј / й
| |
| !к
| |
| !л
| |
| !м
| |
| !н
| |
| !њ
| |
| !ҥ
| |
| |-
| |
| |i~j
| |
| |j
| |
| |k
| |
| |l | | |l |
| |m | | |y |
| |n
| |
| |ɲ
| |
| |ŋ
| |
| |-
| |
| !o
| |
| !ө
| |
| !п
| |
| | |
| !р
| |
| !с
| |
| !т
| |
| !у / ұ
| |
| !ԝ / ў
| |
| |-
| |
| |ɔ~o
| |
| |œ~ø
| |
| |p
| |
| |ɾ~r
| |
| |s
| |
| |t
| |
| |ɯ~u~w
| |
| |w | | |w |
| |- | | | |
| !ү
| |
| | |
| !ф
| |
| !х
| |
| !ц
| |
| !ч
| |
| !џ / ђ
| |
| !ш
| |
| !ж
| |
| |-
| |
| |y
| |
| |f
| |
| |h~x
| |
| | |
| |ʦ
| |
| |ʨ~ʧ
| |
| |ʥ~ʤ
| |
| |ɕ~ʃ
| |
| |ʑ~ʒ
| |
| |} | | |} |
| </div>
| |
|
| |
|
| ===اربککو / arabkaku===
| | Kakutropos per sebyazan awen mellanti. |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" | | ! |
| |+الفاکرُن
| | !Fura |
| !ا
| | ! Mellan |
| !پ
| | !Hina |
| !ب
| |
| !ت | |
| !چ | |
| !ج | |
| !(خ) | |
| |- | | |- |
| |a
| | !Oba |
| |p
| | |i í |
| |b
| | | |
| |t
| | |u ú |
| |ʨ~ʧ | |
| |ʥ~ʤ | |
| |(x) | |
| |- | | |- |
| !څ | | !Mellan |
| !ځ
| | |e é |
| !د
| | |ö ~ e |
| !ر
| | |o ó |
| !ز
| |
| !ژ
| |
| !س
| |
| |- | | |- |
| |ʦ
| | !Una |
| |ʣ
| | | |
| |d
| | |a á |
| |ɾ~r
| | | |
| |z
| |
| |ʑ~ʒ
| |
| |s
| |
| |-
| |
| !ش
| |
| !ڠ
| |
| !ف
| |
| !ک
| |
| !گ
| |
| !ل
| |
| !م
| |
| |-
| |
| |ɕ~ʃ
| |
| |ŋ
| |
| |f
| |
| |k
| |
| |ɡ
| |
| |l
| |
| |m
| |
| |-
| |
| !ن | |
| !ڽ
| |
| !ہ
| |
| !و
| |
| !ۏ
| |
| !ي
| |
| !(ء)
| |
| |-
| |
| |n
| |
| |ɲ
| |
| |h~x | |
| |u~w | |
| |v
| |
| |i~j
| |
| |(ʔ)
| |
| |}
| |
| per sebiazan, kiraen altid na kiraenkleya oba midzankiraen ― اِ per /i/, /y/ ao /e/, اُ per /u/, /ø/ ao /o/, aoen اَ per /a/. li nae yam midzankiraen, bruk ا (alif).
| |
| | |
| per kataesebiazan os nirazsebiazan (lik ''ae''), bruk ein kiraen (ي os و) za mitkiraenkleyamidzankiraen. (li nae deki tasta kiraenkleya, deki awen bruk ي os و kiraen.)<ref name=":1" />
| |
| | |
| '''vikti''': sebiazan nae altid kakuyena, ttb. ''kakutro'' ککُتر (''k-k-u-t-r'').
| |
| | |
| ====andraruru====
| |
| | |
| *bruk-n østarab laskukiraen.
| |
| * bruk-n szaddah f gienmidzan.
| |
| </div>
| |
| | |
| ==hanutro==
| |
| mangetid ('''nae altid''') brukun festako os tsunagako, danki na [https://vikoli.org/Brukdjin:Lumakot_Luna/lk#Glossaruul glossarúl f lunamik]. f suruko harun afto.
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
| |
| |+suruko
| |
| ! suruko
| |
| !yena
| |
| !tid
| |
| !deki
| |
| !ak/nae
| |
| ! colspan="2" |surujin
| |
| !spør
| |
| |-
| |
| | rowspan="3" |(ko)
| |
| | rowspan="3" | -(y)ena-
| |
| | -dan-, -ha(ji)-
| |
| | -ki-
| |
| | rowspan="3" | -nae-
| |
| | -(u)n-
| |
| | -v(i)-
| |
| | rowspan="3" | -we-
| |
| |-
| |
| | -ima-
| |
| | -tsa-
| |
| | -d(u)-
| |
| | -(do)k-
| |
| |-
| |
| | -mir-, -po-
| |
| | -ti-
| |
| | -s(ore)-
| |
| | -h-, -y- (hei) | |
| |} | | |} |
| | Na andra, hanasebyazan dekti kakuyena mit tolonpipo: ⟨ĩ ũ ẽ õ ã⟩ |
|
| |
|
| <references /> | | <references /> |